Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 64
Filter
1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 75(6)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535655

ABSTRACT

La disfagia alta es un síntoma frecuente de consulta al otorrinolaringólogo o gastroenteròlogo. Los diagnósticos diferenciales son trastornos de la deglución por daño neurològico, anillos esofágicos superiores, globus faríngeo, neoplasia, disfagia lusoria y trastornos motores inespecífico y otras más raras aún. Hay escasa literatura actualizada en pacientes adultos. El diagnóstico se basa en el estudio radiológico baritado, endoscopia y complementariamente con manometría. Las opciones de tratamiento son motivo de discusión, dada la poca evidencia disponible. En este artículo se presentan los resultados observados en una cohorte de 10 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de acalasia del cricofaríngeo sometidos a dilatación endoscópica (7 pacientes) o miotomía quirúrgica por cervicotomía (3 pacientes). Se evaluó evolución de la disfagia, complicaciones post procedimiento y resultados a largo plazo. No hubo complicaciones mayores, la disfagia mejoro en ambos grupos, en el grupo de dilatación se complementó el tratamiento con dilataciones periódicas en 2 pacientes. No hubo diferencias significativas en los 2 grupos estudiados. Conclusión: ambas opciones terapéuticas presentan buenos resultados en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.


Dysphagia at cervical level is a frequent symptom causing visit to otolaryngologist or gastroenterologist. The differential diagnoses are swallowing disorders due to neurological damage, upper esophageal rings, pharyngeal globus, neoplasia, non-specific motor disorders and other even rarer ones. There is little updated literature in adult patients. The diagnosis is based on the barium radiological study, endoscopy and complementary manometry. Treatment options are a matter of discussion, given the little evidence available. This paper presents the results observed in a cohort of 10 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cricopharyngeal achalasia who underwent endoscopic dilation (7 patients) or surgical myotomy by cervicotomy (3 patients). The evolution of dysphagia, post-procedure complications and long-term results were evaluated. There were no major complications, dysphagia improved in both groups, in the dilation group the treatment was supplemented with periodic dilations in 2 patients. There were no significant differences in the 2 groups studied. Conclusion: both therapeutic options present good results in the treatment of these patients.

2.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 36: e1723, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429503

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The preoperative nutritional state has prognostic postoperative value. Tomographic density and area of psoas muscle are validated tools for assessing nutritional status. There are few reports assessing the utility of staging tomography in gastric cancer patients in this field. AIMS: This study aimed to determine the influence of sarcopenia, measured by a preoperative staging computed tomography scan, on postoperative morbimortality and long-term survival in patients operated on for gastric cancer with curative intent. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted from 2007 to 2013. The definition of radiological sarcopenia was by measurement of cross-sectional area and density of psoas muscle at the L3 (third lumbar vertebra) level in an axial cut of an abdominopelvic computed tomography scan (in the selection without intravascular contrast media). The software used was OsirixX version 10.0.2, with the tool "propagate segmentation", and all muscle seen in the image was manually adjusted. RESULTS: We included 70 patients, 77% men, with a mean cross-sectional in L3 of 16.6 cm2 (standard deviation+6.1) and mean density of psoas muscle in L3 of 36.1 mean muscle density (standard deviation+7.1). Advanced cancers were 86, 28.6% had signet-ring cells, 78.6% required a total gastrectomy, postoperative surgical morbidity and mortality were 22.8 and 2.8%, respectively, and overall 5-year long-term survival was 57.1%. In the multivariate analysis, cross-sectional area failed to predict surgical morbidity (p=0.4) and 5-year long-term survival (p=0.34), while density of psoas muscle was able to predict anastomotic fistulas (p=0.009; OR 0.86; 95%CI 0.76-0.96) and 5-year long-term survival (p=0.04; OR 2.9; 95%CI 1.04-8.15). CONCLUSIONS: Tomographic diagnosis of sarcopenia from density of psoas muscle can predict anastomotic fistulas and long-term survival in gastric cancer patients treated with curative intent.


RESUMO RACIONAL: O estado nutricional pré-operatório tem valor prognóstico pós-operatório. A densidade tomográfica e a área do músculo psoas é uma ferramenta validada para o estado nutricional. Existem poucos estudos avaliando a utilidade da tomografia de estadiamento em pacientes com câncer gástrico neste campo. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a influência da sarcopenia, medida por tomografia computadorizada de estadiamento pré-operatório, na morbimortalidade pós-operatória e sobrevida em longo prazo em pacientes operados de câncer gástrico com intenção curativa. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 2007 a 2013. A definição de sarcopenia radiológica foi pela medida da área (PA) e densidade do músculo psoas (PD) a nível de L3 (Terceira vertebra lombar), em um corte axial de tomografia computadorizada abdominopélvica (na seleção sem meio de contraste intravascular). O Software utilizado foi o OsirixX v 10.0.2, com a ferramenta "propagar segmentação", ajustando manualmente todos os músculos vistos na imagem. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 70 pacientes, 77% homens, PA média em L3: 16,6 cm2 (desvio padrão+6,1), PD média em L3: 36,1 mean muscle density (desvio padrão+7,1). Os cânceres avançados foram de 86, 28,6% tinham células em anel de sinete, 78,6% necessitaram de gastrectomia total, a morbidade e mortalidade cirúrgica pós-operatória foi de 22,8 e 2,8%, respectivamente, a sobrevida global de 5 anos a longo prazo (SV5) foi de 57,1%. Na análise multivariada, PA falhou em prever morbidade cirúrgica (p=0,4) e sobrevida global de 5 anos (p=0,34), enquanto PD foi capaz de prever fístulas anastomóticas (p=0,009; OR 0,86; IC95% 0,76-0,96) e SV5 (p=0,04; OR 2,9; IC95% 1,04-8,15). CONCLUSÕES: O diagnóstico tomográfico de sarcopenia por desvio padrão é capaz de predizer fístulas anastomóticas e sobrevida a longo prazo em pacientes com câncer gástrico tratados com intenção curativa.

3.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 36: e1760, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513516

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The addition of endoscopic ablative therapy plus proton pump inhibitors or fundoplication is postulated for the treatment of patients with long-segment Barrett´s esophagus (LSBE); however, it does not avoid acid and bile reflux in these patients. Fundoplication with distal gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy is proposed as an acid suppression-duodenal diversion procedure demonstrating excellent results at long-term follow-up. There are no reports on therapeutic strategy with this combination. AIMS: To determine the early and long-term results observed in LSBE patients with or without low-grade dysplasia who underwent the acid suppression-duodenal diversion procedure combined with endoscopic therapy. METHODS: Prospective study including patients with endoscopic LSBE using the Prague classification for circumferential and maximal lengths and confirmed by histological study. Patients were submitted to argon plasma coagulation (21) or radiofrequency ablation (31). After receiving treatment, they were monitored at early and late follow-up (5-12 years) with endoscopic and histologic evaluation. RESULTS: Few complications (ulcers or strictures) were observed after the procedure. Re-treatment was required in both groups of patients. The reduction in length of metaplastic epithelium was significantly better after radiofrequency ablation compared to argon plasma coagulation (10.95 vs 21.15 mms for circumferential length; and 30.96 vs 44.41 mms for maximal length). Intestinal metaplasia disappeared in a high percentage of patients, and histological long-term results were quite similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic procedures combined with fundoplication plus acid suppression with duodenal diversion technique to eliminate metaplastic epithelium of distal esophagus could be considered a good alternative option for LSBE treatment.


RESUMO RACIONAL: A adição de terapia ablativa endoscópica associado a inibidores da bomba de prótons ou fundoplicatura tem sido postulada para o tratamento de pacientes com esôfago de Barrett de segmento longo (EBSL), no entanto, essa conduta não evita o refluxo ácido/biliar nesses pacientes. A fundoplicatura com gastrectomia distal e gastrojejunostomia em Y de Roux (FGD-Y) foi proposta como procedimento de supressão de ácido, demonstrando excelentes resultados no seguimento a longo prazo. Não há relatos na literature com a combinação dessa estratégia terapêutica. OBJETIVOS: Determinar os resultados precoces e a longo prazo observados em pacientes com EBSL com ou sem dysplasia de baixo grau, submetidos a FGD-Y, combinado com terapia endoscópica. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo incluindo pacientes com EBSL, empregando a classificação de Praga, sendo o comprimento circunferencial (C) e máximo (M) e confirmado por estudo histológico. Os pacientes foram submetidos à coagulação com plasma de argônio (CPA, 21 pacientes) ou ablação por radiofrequência (ARF, 31 pacientes). Após o tratamento, eles foram seguidos precoce e tardiamente (5-12 anos), mediante avaliação endoscópica e histológica. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas poucas complicações após o procedimento (úlcera ou estenose). Re-tratamento foi necessário em ambos os grupos de pacientes. A redução do comprimento do epitélio metaplásico foi significativamente melhor após ARF em comparação com CPA (10,95 versus 21,15 mm para C e 30,96 versus 44,41 mm para M). A metaplasia intestinal desapareceu em elevada porcentagem de pacientes, e os resultados histológicos a longo prazo foram bastante semelhantes em ambos os grupos. CONCLUSÕES: Procedimentos endoscópicos combinados com fundoplicatura e gastrectomia distal e gastrojejunostomia em Y de Roux, para eliminar o epitélio metaplásico do esôfago distal podem ser considerados uma boa opção alternativa para o tratamento da EBSL.

4.
ABCD arq. bras. cir. dig ; 36: e1786, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1527553

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Despite endoscopic eradication therapy being an effective and durable treatment for Barrett's esophagus-related neoplasia, even after achieving initial successful eradication, these patients remain at risk of recurrence and require ongoing routine examinations. Failure of radiofrequency ablation and argon plasma coagulation is reported in 10-20% of cases.


RESUMO Apesar de a terapia de erradicação endoscópica ser um tratamento eficaz e durável para a neoplasia relacionada ao esôfago de Barrett (BE), mesmo após a erradicação inicial bem-sucedida, esses pacientes permanecem em risco de recorrência e requerem exames de rotina contínuos. A falha na ablação por radiofrequência e na coagulação com plasma de argônio é relatada em 10-20% dos casos.

5.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 35: e1657, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383212

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LGB) is the recommended procedure for morbidly obese patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, there have been reported gastroesophageal reflux symptoms or esophagitis after LGB. Few functional esophageal studies have been reported to date. AIM: To evaluate the anatomic and physiologic factors contributing to the appearance of these problems in patients who underwent LGB. METHODS: This prospective study included 38 patients with postoperative gastroesophageal reflux symptoms submitted to LGB. They were subjected to clinical, endoscopic, radiologic, manometric, and 24-h pH-monitoring evaluations. RESULTS: Eighteen (47.4%) of 38 patients presented with heartburn or regurgitation, 7 presented with pain, and 4 presented with dysphagia. Erosive esophagitis was observed in 11 (28.9%) patients, and Barrett's esophagus (5.7%) and jejunitis (10.5%) were also observed. Hiatal hernia was the most frequent finding observed in 15 (39.5%) patients, and most (10.5%) of these patients appeared with concomitant anastomotic strictures. A long blind jejunal loop was detected in one (2.6%) patient. Nearly 75% of the patients had hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter (9.61±4.05 mmHg), 17.4% had hypomotility of the esophageal body, and 64.7% had pathologic acid reflux (% time pH <4=6.98±5.5; DeMeester's score=32.4±21.15). CONCLUSION: Although rare, it is possible to observe gastroesophageal reflux and other important postoperative symptoms after LGB, which are associated with anatomic and physiologic abnormalities at the esophagogastric junction and proximal gastric pouch.


RESUMO - RACIONAL: O bypass gástrico laparoscópico em Y de Roux (BGL) é o procedimento de escolha para pacientes com obesidade mórbida com doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE). No entanto, foram relatados sintomas de refluxo gastroesofágico ou esofagite após BGL. Poucos estudos esofágicos funcionais foram relatados até o momento. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores anatômicos e fisiológicos que contribuem para o surgimento desses problemas em pacientes submetidos a BGL. MÉTODOS: Este estudo prospectivo incluiu 38 pacientes submetidos a BGL apresentando sintomas de refluxo gastroesofágico pós-operatório. Eles foram submetidos a avaliações clínicas, endoscópicas, radiológicas, manométricas e de pHmetria de 24 horas. RESULTADOS: 18/38 (47,4%) dos pacientes apresentavam azia ou regurgitação, 7 apresentavam dor e 4 pacientes apresentavam disfagia. Esofagite erosiva observada em 11 pacientes (28,9%), esôfago de Barrett (5,7%) e jejunite (10,5%) também foram observadas. A hérnia de hiato foi o achado mais frequente observado em 15 pacientes (39,5%), a maioria deles com estenoses anastomóticas concomitantes (10,5%). Alça jejunal cega longa foi detectada em 1 paciente (2,6%). Quase 75% dos pacientes apresentavam esfíncter esofágico inferior hipotensivo (9,61- + 4,05 mmHg), 17,4% tinham hipomotilidade do corpo esofágico e 64,7% apresentavam refluxo ácido patológico (% tempo pH <4 = 6,98- + 5,5; pontuação de DeMeester = 32,4- + 21,15). CONCLUSÃO: Embora raros, é possível observar refluxo gastroesofágico e outros sintomas pós-operatórios importantes após BGL, os quais estão associados a alterações anatômicas e fisiológicas na junção esofagogástrica e bolsa gástrica proximal.

6.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 35: e1654, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383224

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a frequent cause of emergency department admissions. AIM: This study aimed to determine risk factors of reoperations, postoperative adverse event, and operative mortality (OM) in patients surgically treated for SBO. METHODS: This is a retrospective study conducted between 2014 and 2017. Exclusion criteria include gastric outlet obstruction, large bowel obstruction, and incomplete clinical record. STATA version 14 was used for statistical analysis, with p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 218 patients were included, in which 61.9% were women. Notably, 88.5% of patients had previous abdominal surgery. Intestinal resection was needed in 28.4% of patients. Postoperative adverse event was present in 28.4%, reoperation was needed in 9.2% of cases, and a 90-day surgical mortality was 5.9%. Multivariate analysis determined that intestinal resection, >3 days in intensive care unit (ICU), >7 days with nasogastric tube (NGT), pain after postoperative day 3, POAE, and surgical POAE were the risk factors for reoperations, while age, C-reactive protein, intestinal resection, >3 days in ICU, and >7 days with NGT were the risk factors for POAE. OM was determined by >5 days with NGT and POAE. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative course is determined mainly for patient's age, preoperative level of C-reactive protein, necessity of intestinal resection, clinical postoperative variables, and the presence of POAE.


RESUMO - RACIONAL: A obstrução do intestino delgado (OID) é uma causa frequente de admissões ao Serviço de Emergência. OBJETIVO: Determinar os fatores de risco de reoperações, eventos adversos pós-operatórios e mortalidade operatória (MO) em pacientes com OID tratados cirurgicamente. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo entre 2014 e 2017. Critérios de exclusão: obstrução da saída do estômago, obstrução do intestino grosso e história clínica incompleta. O STATA 14 foi utilizado para análise estatística, considerando significância estatística p<0,05 com IC de 95%. RESULTADOS: Duzentos e dezoito pacientes foram incluídos, 61,9% mulheres, 88,5% dos pacientes tinham cirurgia abdominal anterior. A ressecção intestinal foi necessária em 28,4% dos pacientes. O evento adverso pós-operatório (EAPO) esteve presente em 28,4%, a reoperação foi necessária em 9,2% dos casos e a mortalidade cirúrgica em 90 dias foi de 5,9%. A análise multivariada determinou que a ressecção intestinal, > 3 dias em UTI, > 7 dias com sonda nasogástrica (SNG), dor após o 3º dia de pós-operatório, EAPO cirúrgico foram fatores de risco para reoperações, enquanto idade, proteína C reativa, ressecção intestinal, > 3 dias em UTI, > 7 dias com SNG foram fatores de risco para EAPO. A MO foi determinada em > 5 dias com SNG e EAPO. CONCLUSÕES: A evolução pós-operatória é determinada principalmente pela idade do paciente, nível pré-operatório de proteína C reativa, necessidade de ressecção intestinal, variáveis clínicas pós-operatórias e presença de EAPO.

7.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 35: e1678, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1402852

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication fails to control the gastroesophageal reflux in almost 15% of patients, and most of them must be reoperated due to postoperative symptoms. Different surgical options have been suggested. AIMS: This study aimed to present the postoperative outcomes of patients submitted to three different procedures: redo laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication alone (Group A), redo laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication combined with distal gastrectomy (Group B), or conversion to laparoscopic Toupet combined with distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy (Group C). METHODS: This is a prospective study involving 77 patients who were submitted initially to laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and presented recurrence of gastroesophageal reflux after the operation. They were evaluated before and after the reoperation with clinical questionnaire and objective functional studies. After reestablishing the anatomy of the esophagogastric junction, a surgery was performed. None of the patients were lost during follow-up. RESULTS: Persistent symptoms were observed more frequently in Group A or B patients, including wrap stricture, intrathoracic wrap, or twisted fundoplication. In Group C, recurrent symptoms associated with this anatomic alteration were infrequently observed. Incompetent lower esophageal sphincter was confirmed in 57.7% of patients included in Group A, compared to 17.2% after Nissen and distal gastrectomy and 26% after Toupet procedure plus distal gastrectomy. In Group C, despite the high percentage of patients with incompetent lower esophageal sphincter, 8.7% had abnormal acid reflux after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Nissen and Toupet procedures combined with Roux-en-Y distal gastrectomy are safe and effective for the management of failed Nissen fundoplication. However, Toupet technique is preferable for patients suffering from mainly dysphagia and pain.


RESUMO RACIONAL: A fundoplicatura de Nissen laparoscópica falha em controlar o refluxo gastroesofágico em quase 15% dos pacientes e a maioria deles deve ser reoperada devido aos sintomas. Diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas têm sido sugeridas. OBJETIVOS: Apresentar os resultados pós-operatórios de pacientes submetidos a 3 procedimentos diferentes: Reoperação e fundoplicatura de Nissen laparoscópica apenas (Grupo A), reoperação e fundoplicatura de Nissen laparoscópica combinado com gastrectomia distal (Grupo B) ou reoperação e conversão para Toupet laparoscópico combinado com gastrectomia distal e reconstrução em Y-Roux (Grupo C). MÉTODOS: estudo prospectivo incluindo 77 pacientes submetidos inicialmente a fundoplicatura de Nissen laparoscópica que apresentaram recidiva do refluxo gastroesofágico após a operação. Eles foram avaliados antes e após a reoperação com questionário clínico e estudos funcionais específicos. Reestabelecida a anatomia da junção esôfago-gástrica, procedeu-se às referidas cirurgias. Nenhum paciente perdeu seguimento. RESULTADOS: Os sintomas persistentes foram observados com maior frequência nos pacientes dos Grupos A ou B, associados à estenose da fundoplicatura, fundoplicatura intratorácico ou fundoplicatura torcida. No Grupo C, os sintomas recorrentes associados a essa alteração anatômica foram observados com pouca frequência. Esfincter esofágico inferior incompetente foi confirmado em 57,7% dos pacientes pertencentes ao Grupo A em comparação com 17,2% após fundoplicatura de Nissen laparoscópica combinado com gastrectomia distal, e 26% após a Toupet laparoscópico combinado com gastrectomia distal e reconstrução em Y-Roux. Nesse grupo, apesar do alto percentual de pacientes com esfincter esofágico inferior incompetente, 8,7% apresentaram refluxo ácido anormal após a cirurgia. CONCLUSÕES: As técnicas de Nissen ou Toupet combinados com a gastrectomia distal em Y de Roux são seguras e eficazes para o manejo da falha da fundoplicatura a Nissen. A técnica de Toupet é preferível para pacientes que sofrem principalmente com disfagia e dor.

8.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 33(4): e1553, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152628

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is one of the most common indications for conversion of sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) to laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP). Objective evaluations are necessary in order to choose the best definitive treatment for these patients. Aim: To present and describe the findings of the objective studies for gastroesophageal reflux disease performed before LSG conversion to LRYGBP in order to support the indication for surgery. Method: Thirty-nine non-responder patients to proton pump inhibitors treatment after LSG were included in this prospective study. They did not present GER symptoms, esophagitis or hiatal hernia before LSG. Endoscopy, radiology, manometry, 24 h pH monitoring were performed. Results: The mean time of appearance of reflux symptoms was 26.8+24.08 months (8-71). Erosive esophagitis was found in 33/39 symptomatic patients (84.6%) and Barrett´s esophagus in five. (12.8%). Manometry and acid reflux test were performed in 38/39 patients. Defective lower esophageal sphincter function was observed independent the grade of esophagitis or Barrett´s esophagus. Pathologic acid reflux with elevated DeMeester´s scores and % of time pH<4 was detected in all these patients. more significant in those with severe esophagitis and Barrett´s esophagus. Radiologic sleeve abnormalities were observed in 35 patients, mainly cardia dilatation (n=18) and hiatal hernia (n=11). Middle gastric stricture was observed in only six patients. Conclusion: Patients with reflux symptoms and esophagitis or Barrett´s esophagus after SG present defective lower esophageal sphincter function and increased acid reflux. These conditions support the indication of conversion to LRYGBP.


RESUMO Racional: O refluxo gastroesofágico é uma das indicações mais comuns para a conversão da gastrectomia vertical (SG) em gastroplastia laparoscópica em Y-de-Roux (LRYGBP). Avaliações objetivas são necessárias para escolher o melhor tratamento definitivo para esses pacientes. Objetivo: Apresentar e descrever os achados objetivos da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico realizados antes da conversão do SG para o LRYGBP, a fim de apoiar a indicação cirúrgica. Método: Trinta e nove pacientes não respondedores ao tratamento com inibidores da bomba de prótons após SG foram incluídos neste estudo prospectivo. Eles não apresentavam sintomas de refluxo gastroesofágico, esofagite ou hérnia hiatal antes da SG. Endoscopia, radiologia, manometria, monitoramento de pH 24 horas foram realizados. Resultados: O tempo médio de aparecimento dos sintomas de refluxo foi de 26,8+24,08 meses (8-71). Esofagite erosiva foi encontrada em 33/39 pacientes sintomáticos (84,6%) e esôfago de Barrett em cinco (12,8%). A manometria e o teste de refluxo ácido foram realizados em 38/39 pacientes. A função alterada do esfíncter inferior do esôfago foi observada independentemente do grau de esofagite ou esôfago de Barrett. Em todos esses pacientes, foi detectado refluxo ácido patológico com escores elevados de DeMeester e % de tempo pH<4, mais significativo nos com esofagite grave e esôfago de Barrett. Anormalidades radiológicas SG foram observadas em 35 pacientes, principalmente dilatação da cárdia (n=18) e hérnia hiatal (n=11). Estenose gástrica foi observada em apenas seis pacientes . Conclusão: Pacientes com sintomas de refluxo e esofagite ou esôfago de Barrett após SG apresentam função do esfíncter esofágico inferior defeituosa e aumento do refluxo ácido. Esses sintomas e estudos objetivos apoiam a indicação de conversão para LRYGBP.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Gastric Bypass/adverse effects , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Gastrectomy/adverse effects , Gastroesophageal Reflux/surgery , Prospective Studies , Gastrectomy/methods
9.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 33(3): e1539, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1141904

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Laparoscopic surgery has been gradually accepted as an option for the surgical treatment ofgastric cancer. There are still points that are controversial or situations that are eventually associated with intra-operative difficulties or postoperative complications. Aim: To establish the relationship between the difficulties during the execution of total gastrectomy and the occurrence of eventual postoperative complications. Method: The operative protocols and postoperative evolution of 74 patients operated for gastriccancer, who were subjected to laparoscopic total gastrectomy (inclusion criteria) were reviewed. The intraoperative difficulties recorded in the operative protocol and postoperative complications of a surgical nature wereanalyzed (inclusion criteria). Postoperative medical complications were excluded (exclusion criteria). For the discussion, an extensive bibliographical review was carried out. Results: Intra-operative difficulties or complications reported correspond to 33/74 and of these; 18 events (54.5%) were related to postoperative complications and six were absolutely unexpected. The more frequent were leaks of the anastomosis and leaks of the duodenal stump; however, other rare complications were observed. Seven were managed with conservative measures and 17 (22.9%) required surgical re-exploration, with a postoperative mortality of two patients (2.7%). Conclusion: We have learned that there are infrequent and unexpected complications; the treating team must be mindful of and, in front of suspicion of complications, anappropriate decision must be done which includes early re-exploration. Finally, after the experience reported, some complications should be avoided.


RESUMO Racional: A cirurgia laparoscópica tem sido gradualmente aceita como opção para o tratamento cirúrgico do câncer gástrico. Ainda existem pontos controversos ou situações eventualmente associadas a dificuldades intra-operatórias ou complicações pós-operatórias. Objetivo: Estabelecer a relação entre as dificuldades durante a execução da gastrectomia total e a ocorrência de eventuais complicações pós-operatórias. Método: Foram revisados ​​os protocolos operatórios e a evolução pós-operatória de 74 pacientes operados por câncer gástrico, submetidos à gastrectomia total laparoscópica (critérios de inclusão). Foram analisadas as dificuldades intraoperatórias registradas no protocolo operatório e as complicações pós-operatórias de natureza cirúrgica (critérios de inclusão). As complicações médicas pós-operatórias foram excluídas (critérios de exclusão). Para a discussão, foi realizada extensa revisão bibliográfica. Resultados: Dificuldades ou complicações intraoperatórias relatadas corresponderam a 33/74 e destas 18 (54,5%) foram relacionadas com complicações pós-operatórias e seis absolutamente inesperadas. As mais frequentes foram vazamentos da anastomose e do coto duodenal; no entretanto, outras complicações raras foram observadas. Sete foram tratados com medidas conservadoras e 17 (22,9%) necessitaram de re-exploração cirúrgica, com mortalidade pós-operatória de dois pacientes (2,7%). Conclusão: Aprendemos que existem complicações infrequentes e inesperadas; a equipe de tratamento deve estar atenta e diante da suspeita de complicação, decisão apropriada pode incluir uma nova exploração precoce. Finalmente, após a experiência relatada, algumas complicações devem ser evitadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Gastrectomy/adverse effects , Anastomosis, Surgical , Retrospective Studies
10.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 32(2): e1441, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019242

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The identification of prognostic factors of gastric cancer (GC) has allowed to predict the evolution of patients. Aim: Assess the reliability of the lymphoparietal index in the prediction of long-term survival in GC treated with curative intent. Method: Prospective study of the Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, between May 2004 and May 2012. Included all gastric cancer surgeries with curative intent. Exclusion criteria were: gastrectomies due to benign lesions, stage 4 cancers, R1 resections, palliative procedures, complete esophagogastrectomies and emergency surgeries. Results: A total of 284 patients were included; of the sample 65.4% were male,mean age of 64.5 years,75% were advanced cancers, 72.5% required a total gastrectomy, 30 lymph nodes harvest. Surgical morbidity and mortality were 17.2% and 1.7%. 5-year survival was 56.9%. The N+/T index could predict long-term survival in all de subgrups (p<0.0001), although had a reliable prediction in early GC (p=0.005), advanced GC (p<0.0001), signet ring cell GC (p<0.0001), proximal GC (p<0.0001) and distal GC (p<0.0001). The ROC curves N+/T index, LNR and T classification presented areas below the curve of 0.789, 0.786 and 0,790 respectively, without a significant statistical difference (p=0.96). Conclusion: The N+/T index is a reliable quotient in the prognostic evaluation of gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have been resected with curative intent.


RESUMO Racional: A identificação de fatores prognósticos do câncer gástrico (GC) permitiu predizer a evolução dos pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a confiabilidade do índice linfoparietal na predição de sobrevida em longo prazo em pacientes tratados com intenção curativa. Método: Estudo prospectivo do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de Chile, entre maio de 2004 e maio de 2012. Todas as operações de câncer gástrico foram com intenção curativa. Os critérios de exclusão foram: gastrectomia por lesões benignas, cânceres estágio 4, ressecções R1, procedimentos paliativos, esofagogastrectomias completas e operações de emergência. Resultados: Foi incluído um total de 284 pacientes; da amostra 65,4% eram homens, com média de idade de 64,5 anos, 75% eram cânceres avançados, 72,5% necessitaram de gastrectomia total e 30 coletas de linfonodos. A morbimortalidade cirúrgica foi de 17,2% e 1,7%. Sobrevida em cinco anos foi de 56,9%. O índice N +/T pôde predizer a sobrevida em longo prazo em todos os subgrupos (p<0,0001), embora tivesse previsão confiável em GC precoce (p=0,005), GC avançado (p<0,0001), célula GC de anel de sinete (p< 0,0001), GC proximal (p<0,0001) e GC distal (p<0,0001). As curvas ROC N +/T, LNR e T apresentaram áreas abaixo da curva de 0,789, 0,786 e 0,790, respectivamente, sem diferença estatística significativa (p=0,96 ). Conclusão: O índice N +/T é um quociente confiável no prognóstico na avaliação de pacientes com adenocarcinoma gástrico que foram ressecados com intenção curativa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Stomach Neoplasms/mortality , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Prognosis , Stomach Neoplasms/surgery , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Disease-Free Survival , Gastrectomy , Neoplasm Staging
11.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 31(2): e1381, 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949234

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background : Complete esophago-gastric necrosis after caustic ingestion is a challenging surgical scenario for reconstruction of the upper digestive transit. Aim : To present a surgical technique for reconstruction of the upper digestive tract after total esophagectomy and gastrectomy due to esophageal and gastric necrosis Method: The transit was re-established by means of a pharyngo-ileo-colic interposition with microsurgical arterial and venous anastomosis for augmentation of blood supply. Colo-duodeno-anastomosis and ileo-transverse colic anastomosis were performed for complete digestive transit reconstruction. Result: This procedure was applied in a case of 41 years male attempted suicide by ingesting alkali caustic liquid (concentrated sodium hydroxide). Total necrosis of the esophagus and stomach occurred, which required initially total esophago-gastrectomy, closure at the level of the crico-pharyngeal sphincter and jejunostomy for enteral feeding with a highly deteriorated quality of life . The procedure was performed later and there were no major early and late postoperative complications and normal nutritional conditions were re-stablished. Conclusion: The procedure is feasible and must be managed by multidisciplinary team in order to re-establish a normal quality of life.


RESUMO Racional: A necrose esofagogástrica completa após ingestão cáustica é um cenário cirúrgico desafiador para a reconstrução do trânsito digestivo alto. Objetivo: Apresentar uma técnica cirúrgica para reconstrução do trato digestivo superior após esofagectomia total e gastrectomia por necrose esofágica e gástrica. Método: O trânsito foi restabelecido por interposição faringo-íleo-cólica com anastomose arterial e venosa microcirúrgica com aumento do suprimento sanguíneo. Adicionalmente, anastomose colo-duodeno-anastomótica e íleo-transversa foram realizadas para reconstrução completa do trânsito digestivo. Resultado: Este procedimento foi aplicado em um homem de 41 anos com tentativa de suicídio pela ingestão de líquido cáustico alcalino (hidróxido de sódio concentrado). Ocorreu necrose total do esôfago e do estômago, o que exigiu inicialmente esofagogastrectomia total, fechamento ao nível do esfíncter cricofaríngeo e jejunostomia para alimentação enteral produzindo qualidade de vida altamente deteriorada. O procedimento foi realizado mais tardiamente e não houve maiores complicações pós-operatórias precoces e tardias e condições nutricionais normais foram restabelecidas. Conclusão: O procedimento é viável e deve ser manejado por equipe multidisciplinar a fim de restabelecer a qualidade de vida normal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Burns, Chemical/surgery , Caustics/toxicity , Esophagectomy , Colon/surgery , Esophagus/surgery , Esophagus/injuries , Pharynx/surgery , Stomach/surgery , Stomach/blood supply , Stomach/injuries , Stomach/pathology , Suicide, Attempted , Burns, Chemical/etiology , Anastomosis, Surgical , Esophagus/blood supply , Esophagus/pathology , Microvessels , Gastrectomy , Ileum/surgery , Necrosis
12.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 30(4): 267-271, Oct.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-885742

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Single anastomosis gastric bypass (one anastomosis gastric bypass or mini-gastric bypass) has been presented as an option of surgical treatment for obese patients in order to reduce operation time and avoiding eventual postoperative complications after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.The main late complication could be related to bile reflux. Aim: To report the experiences published after Billroth II anastomosis and its adverse effects regarding symptoms and damage on the gastric and esophageal mucosa . Method: For data recollection Medline, Pubmed, Scielo and Cochrane database were accessed, giving a total of 168 papers being chosen 57 of them. Results: According the reported results during open era surgery for peptic disease and more recent results for gastric cancer surgery, bile reflux and its consequences are more frequent after Billroth II operation compared to Roux-en-Y gastrojejunal anastomosis. Conclusion: These findings must be considered for the indication of bariatric surgery.


RESUMO Introdução: Bypass com anastomose única ou mini-bypass gástrico foi apresentado como oopção de tratamento cirúrgico para pacientes obesos, a fim de reduzir o tempo da operação e evitar complicações pós-operatórias após bypass gástrico Y-de-Roux. A principal complicação tardia pode estar relacionada ao refluxo biliar. Objetivo: Relatar as experiências publicadas após a anastomose Billroth II e seus efeitos adversos em relação aos sintomas e danos sobre a mucosa gástrica e esofágica. Método: A coleta de dados foi baseada na busca nas bases Medline, Pubmed, Scielo e Cochrane. Um total de 168 artigos foram revisados, tendo sido escolhidos 57 deles. Resultados: De acordo com os resultados relatados durante a operação da era aberta para doença péptica e resultados mais recentes para o tratamento cirúrgico do câncer gástrico, o refluxo biliar e suas consequências são mais frequentes após o Billroth II em comparação com a anastomose gastrojejunal em Y-de-Roux. Conclusão: Esses achados devem ser considerados para a indicação de cirurgia bariátrica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gastric Bypass/methods , Obesity/surgery , Gastroenterostomy , Forecasting
13.
Rev. chil. cir ; 69(6): 452-458, dic. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899636

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: En pacientes con esófago de Barrett largo hemos sugerido efectuar fundoplicatura con antrectomía, vagotomía y derivación duodenal en Y de Roux que podría asociarse con complicaciones y efectos colaterales. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la cirugía por vía abierta vs laparoscópica en cuanto a complicaciones postoperatorias precoces y alejadas, mortalidad y resultados alejados. Material y método: Se comparan 2 cohortes de pacientes, 73 pacientes con cirugía abierta y 53 pacientes operados con la misma técnica por vía laparoscópica por el mismo equipo. Solo se incluyeron los pacientes con Barret largo. Se controlan clínicamente en el postoperatorio inmediato y alejado, con endoscopia e histología anual, y se evalúan los resultados en cuanto a complicaciones precoces, alejadas y se analiza la calidad de vida y la satisfacción del paciente. Para el análisis se utilizó «t¼ de Student considerando un valor de p < 0,05 como significativo. Resultados: En cuanto a complicaciones precoces en ambos grupos no hubo diferencias significativas. No hubo mortalidad postoperatoria. En las complicaciones tardías las complicaciones totales no son significativamente diferentes entre ambos grupos (solo cambian sus causas y características) ni en cuanto a la clasificación de Visick y el puntaje de calidad de vida. Conclusión: La fundoplicatura con procedimiento de supresión ácida y derivación biliar por vía laparoscópica presenta similares resultados a corto y largo plazo que la cirugía abierta, pero con los beneficios de una cirugía mínimamente invasiva.


Abstract Introduction: In patients with long Barrett esophagus we have suggested to perform fundoplication with antrectomy, vagotomy and Roux-en-Y duodenal diversion however it could be associated with complications and side effects. Objective: The objective of this study is to compare open versus laparoscopic surgery for early and early postoperative complications, mortality and distant outcomes. Material and method: We compare 2 cohorts of patients, 73 patients with open surgery and 53 patients, who underwent laparoscopic surgery using the same technique. Only patients with Long Barrett were included. They are clinically monitored in the early and late postoperative period, with endoscopy and histology at long term follow-up (3-5 years). The results were evaluated in terms of early and late complications, the quality of life and patient satisfaction were analyzed. For the analysis we used t-student considering a P < .05 as significant. Results: As for early complications, there were no significant differences in both groups. There was no postoperative mortality. In the late complications, the total complications are not significantly different between the two groups (only their causes and characteristics changed) neither in terms of Visick's classification and the quality of life score Conclusion: The fundoplication, with laparoscopic acid suppression and duodenal diversion, presents similar short-term and long-term results than open surgery, with the benefits of a mini-invasive procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Barrett Esophagus/surgery , Laparoscopy/methods , Fundoplication/methods , Duodenum/surgery , Gastric Acid/metabolism , Postoperative Complications , Quality of Life , Gastroesophageal Reflux/surgery , Cohort Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Fundoplication/adverse effects
14.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 30(3): 216-221, July-Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-885722

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Bariatric surgery in Chile has seen an exponential increase in recent years, especially in sleeve gastrectomy. Its use is currently discussed in patients suffering from gastroesophageal reflux disease. Different options have been considered for the management of these patients but up to now laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass seems to be the best option. Sleeve gastrectomy plus concomitant fundoplication or hiatal hernia repair also has been suggested in patients having reflux or small hiatal hernia. Aim: To present a cohort of obese patients with gatroesophageal reflux undergoing this procedure, which seeks to provide the benefits of both laparoscopic gastric sleeve (LSG) and antireflux surgery focused on the evaluation of presence of reflux and BMI after surgery, and to compare the result observed in this cohort with a previous group of obese patients without reflux submitted to sleeve gastrectomy alone. Methods: Retrospective case series in 15 patients who underwent this surgery between the years 2003 and 2012. Clinical records were analyzed and values ​​of 24 hr pH monitoring, esophageal manometry and clinical outcome were recorded. Results were compared to a previous series of patients who underwent LSG. No statistical analyses were made. Results: Group A consisted of 15 patients submitted to LSG plus fundoplication. 93% (n=14) were female. Mean age was 46.2 years. Mean preoperative body mass index (BMI) was 33.9. All patients had altered pH monitoring and manometry preoperatively. There was one minor complication corresponding to a seroma. There was no perioperative mortality. Group B consisted of 23 obese patients who underwent LSG. These patients developed de novo reflux, hypotensive LES and esophagitis after the surgery. Group A patients showed improvement in esophageal pH monitoring and manometry at three months. During long-term follow-up, six underwent revision surgery, four for weight regain, one regained weight associated with symptomatic reflux, and one underwent re-intervention for reflux. Conclusions: Good results are observed in the short-term follow up in both reflux resolution and weight loss. Nevertheless, results at long term are discouraging, with 53.3% of the patients requiring revision surgery during follow-up.


RESUMO Racional: A cirurgia bariátrica no Chile tem visto aumento exponencial nos últimos anos, especialmente na gastrectomia vertical. Atualmente, o seu uso é discutido em pacientes que sofrem de refluxo gastroesofágico. Diferentes opções foram consideradas para o gerenciamento desses pacientes, mas até agora o bypass gástrico em Y-de-Roux laparoscópico parece ser a melhor opção. A gastrectomia vertical mais fundoplicatura concomitante ou o reparo da hérnia hiatal também foi sugerido em pacientes com refluxo ou hérnia hiatal pequena. Objetivo: Apresentar uma coorte de pacientes obesos com refluxo gatroesofágico submetidos a esse procedimento, que busca proporcionar os benefícios da gastrectomia vertical laparoscópica (LSG) e da operação antirrefluxo focada na avaliação da presença de refluxo e IMC após a operação, e comparar a o resultado observado nesta coorte com um grupo anterior de pacientes obesos sem refluxo submetido somente à gastrectomia vertical. Métodos: Série de casos retrospectivos em 15 pacientes submetidos à essa operação entre os anos de 2003 e 2012. Os registros clínicos foram analisados ​​e os valores de monitoramento de pH 24 h, manometria esofágica e desfecho clínico foram registrados. Os resultados foram comparados com uma série anterior de pacientes submetidos à LSG. Não foram feitas análises estatísticas. Resultados: O grupo A consistiu em 15 pacientes submetidos a LSG mais fundoplicatura e 93% (n=14) eram mulheres. A idade média foi de 46,2 anos. O índice de massa corporal pré-operatório médio (IMC) foi de 33,9. Todos os pacientes apresentaram monitoração de pH e manometria pré-operatória alteradas. Houve uma complicação menor correspondente a um seroma. Não houve mortalidade perioperatória. O grupo B consistiu de 23 pacientes obesos submetidos à LSG. Esses pacientes desenvolveram refluxo de novo, LES hipotensos e esofagite após a operação. Os pacientes do grupo A apresentaram melhora no monitoramento e manometria do pH esofágico aos três meses. Durante o seguimento em longo prazo, seis foram submetidos à operação revisional, quatro por recuperação de peso, um por peso recuperado associado a refluxo sintomático e um submetido à reintervenção por refluxo. Conclusões: Bons resultados são observados no seguimento em curto prazo na resolução de refluxo e perda de peso. No entanto, os resultados em longo prazo são desencorajadores, pois 53,3% dos pacientes necessitaram de operação revisional durante o acompanhamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Gastroplasty/methods , Gastroesophageal Reflux/surgery , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Fundoplication , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
15.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(7): 864-869, jul. 2015. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-757910

ABSTRACT

Background: Plasma ghrelin levels may decrease after vertical sleeve gastrectomy, probably due to the excision of a large portion of the gastric fundus. It is worth exploring the long term effects of this surgical procedure on ghrelin levels and their associations with changes in body weight. Aim: To assess ghrelin levels and changes in body weight, one and five years after a vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Material and Methods: Plasma ghrelin was measured prior to gastric sleeve gastrectomy, immediately after surgery and BMI was controlled at one and five years of the postoperative period in 16 and 10 obese patients, respectively. Mean baseline body mass index was 40.4 ± 6 kg/m². Results: Ghrelin decreased in 10 patients and increased in six during the long term postoperative period. At one year, mean body mass index decreased to 25.1 ± 1.6 kg/m². Changes in weight and ghrelin levels had no relationship whatsoever. At five years of follow up, body mass index had increased to 29.9 ± 2.5 kg/m², again without any association with ghrelin levels. Conclusions: Ghrelin levels may decrease or increase after vertical sleeve gastrectomy and have no association with changes in body weight.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Gastrectomy/methods , Ghrelin/blood , Body Mass Index , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Time Factors
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(6): 786-790, jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-722929

ABSTRACT

Sarcomatoid squamous carcinoma (ESC) is a rare esophageal neoplasm, with a clinical, etiological and pathological behavior that differs from squamous cancer. From the histological point of view it has a dual configuration. The squamous epithelial component is usually limited to small areas, while the major part is constituted by mesenchymatous (sarcomatoid) polypoid tissue. Treatment is esophagectomy or total esophagogastrectomy depending on the tumor location. Early detection is critical in terms of survival. For large lesions, preoperative chemo-radiotherapy can be considered. We report a 78-year-old male presenting with dysphagia. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a tumor located below the cardia. The patient was subjected to a total esophageal and gastric resection. In a second operation, the digestive transit was reconstituted in 2 steps. The pathology report informed a sarcomatoid squamous carcinoma. After 18 months of follow up, the patient is ambulatory.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Biopsy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophagectomy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
17.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 26(1): 7-12, jan.-mar. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-674134

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: Disfagia grave ou mesmo afagia pode ocorrer após esofagectomia secundária à necrose do órgão ascendido com estenose severa ou separação completa dos cotos. Ruptura catastrófica esofágica ou gástrica impulsiona a decisão de "desconectar" o esôfago, a fim de evitar graves complicações sépticas. As operações utilizadas para restabelecer a descontinuidade do esôfago não são padronizadas e reoperações para restabelecimento do trânsito digestivo superior são um verdadeiro desafio. MÉTODOS: Este é estudo retrospectivo da experiência dos autores durante 17 anos incluindo 18 pacientes, 14 previamente submetidos à esofagectomia e quatro esofagogastrectomia. Eles foram operados com o fim de restabelecer o trato digestivo superior. RESULTADOS: Refazer esofagogastro anastomose foi possível em 12 pacientes, 10 por meio da abordagem cervical e combinando esternotomia em quatro, a fim de realizar a nova anastomose. Em cinco pacientes esofagocolo anastomose foi novamente realizada. Interposição de enxerto livre de jejuno foi realizada em um paciente. As complicações ocorreram em 10 pacientes (55,5%): deiscência anastomótica em três, estenose em quatro, condrite esternal em dois e abscesso cervical em um. Não se observou mortalidade. CONCLUSÃO: Existem diferentes opções cirúrgicas para o tratamento desta situação clínica difícil e arriscada; deve ser tratada com procedimentos adaptados de acordo com o segmento anatômico disponível para ser usado, escolhendo o procedimento mais conservador.


BACKGROUND: Severe dysphagia or even aphagia can occur after esophagectomy secondary to necrosis of the ascended organ with severe stricture or complete separation of the stumps. Catastrophic esophageal or gastric disruption drives the decision to "disconnect" the esophagus in order to prevent severe septic complications. The operations employed to re-establish esophageal discontinuity are not standardized and reoperations for re-establishment of the upper digestive transit are a real challenge. METHODS: This is retrospective study collecting the authors experience during 17 years including 18 patients, 14 of them previously submitted to esophagectomy and four to esophagogastrectomy. They were operated on in order to re-establish the upper digestive tract. RESULTS: Redo esophago-gastro-anastomosis was possible in 12 patients, 10 through cervical approach and combined with sternotomy in four in order to perform the new anastomosis. In five patients a new esophago-colo anastomosis was performed. Free jejunal graft interposition was performed in one patient. Complications occurred in ten patients (55.5 %): anastomotic leaks in three, strictures in four, sternal condritis in two and cervical abscess in one. No mortality was observed. CONCLUSION: There are different surgical options for the treatment of this difficult and risky clinical situation which must be treated with tailored procedures according to the anatomic segment available to be used, choosing the most conservative procedure.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Colon/surgery , Esophageal Achalasia/surgery , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophageal Stenosis/surgery , Esophagectomy , Gastrectomy , Anastomosis, Surgical , Esophagectomy/methods , Gastrectomy/methods , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Failure
18.
Medwave ; 12(6)jul. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-715838

ABSTRACT

La cirugía bariátrica ha demostrado ser más efectiva que el tratamiento médico para el control del peso y las comorbilidades asociadas. Se han descrito múltiples técnicas, las cuales pueden ser divididas en tres grupos: cirugías restrictivas, en las que el objetivo principal es disminuir el volumen de la ingesta calórica; cirugías malabsortivas, en las que se limita la absorción a nivel intestinal; y una combinación de ambas. Dentro de las técnicas restrictivas, la gastroplastía fue uno de los primeros procedimientos descritos. Inicialmente horizontal y luego la gastroplastía vertical anillada, mostraban buenos resultados a corto plazo, pero con una importante tasa de fracaso a largo plazo, por lo que estas técnicas fueron abandonadas paulatinamente. La banda gástrica ajustable tiene la ventaja de ser mínimamente invasiva y reversible, la baja de peso es adecuada pero menos efectiva que en el bypass gástrico. Las complicaciones postoperatorias son pocas inicialmente, sin embargo aumentan con los años de seguimiento. La gastrectomía vertical tubular es un procedimiento efectivo para bajar de peso, que puede ser realizado en forma segura como procedimiento primario único o como primera etapa de otro procedimiento. Esto se refleja en una excelente baja de peso y control de las comorbilidades, lo cual la hace comparable a otros procedimientos bariátricos aceptados. Finalmente en los últimos años han aparecido reportes promisorios de una nueva técnica, la plicatura gástrica.


Bariatric surgery has proved to be more effective than medical therapy in the treatment for obesity. Multiple techniques have been described and can be divided into three main groups: Restrictive surgery, where the main objective is to decrease the volume of caloric intake; malabsortive surgery, where a portion of the absortive circuit is bypassed and thus limiting the caloric absortion; and a combination of both. Among the restrictive techniques, gastroplasty was one of the first procedures described. First horizontal gastroplasty and then vertical banded gastroplasty showed good short-term results but with poor long-term outcomes. These techniques have been gradually abandoned. Adjustable gastric banding is a minimally invasive technique and has the advantage of being reversible. Weight loss is adequate, but less effective than gastric bypass. Postoperative complications are low at short-term, but increase per year at long-term follow-up. Sleeve gastrectomy is an effective weight loss procedure that can be performed safely as a first stage or primary procedure. This results in excellent weight loss and co-morbidity reduction that exceeds, or is comparable to, that of other accepted bariatric procedures. Gastric plicature is a relatively new procedure and has reported good short-term outcomes in weight loss with few short-term complications. However, long-term outcomes are yet to be demonstrated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Bariatric Surgery/trends , Gastric Bypass/methods , Gastric Bypass/trends , Gastroplasty/methods , Gastroplasty/trends
19.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 135(5): 551-557, mayo 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-456670

ABSTRACT

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymatous tumors of the digestive tract. The pathological diagnosis is based on microscopy and immunohistochemistiy. Aim: To review the experience of our surgical unit in patients with GIST Material and methods: Review of medical records of 15 patients (aged 66+13 years, 11 women), with a pathological diagnosis of GIST, treated between 1999 and 2005. Results: The main presenting symptoms were melena in 40 percent, hematemesis in 20 percent, abdominal pain in 60 percent and anemia in 13 percent. In only one patient, the tumor appeared as an incidentaloma. All patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy A CAT scan was done in 87 percent, a barium swallow in 60 percent and a digestive endosonography in 20 percent. Thirteen tumors were located in the stomach and two in the small bowel. Mean tumor diameter was 5.3+1.7 cm. Surgical management was a tumor resection in 40 percent, a partial gastrectomy in 27 percent, a total gastrectomy in 20 percent and an intestinal excision in the rest. Mean hospital stay was 6.9+4.2 days. No postoperative complications were recorded. Conclusions: The main clinical presentation of GIST in this retrospective series was an upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Surgical treatment was devoid of complication.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors , Abdominal Pain/etiology , /analysis , Biopsy , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Gastrectomy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/complications , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/pathology , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/surgery , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/analysis , Retrospective Studies
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL